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Petroleum road bitumen
Bitumen road
Road bitumens are mainly used for the construction and repair of road and airfield pavements. Road bitumens are divided into viscous and liquid.
Viscous bitumens are classified by BND (road bitumens) and BN (petroleum bitumen).
Viscous road bitumens are divided into five grades : BND 40/60, BND 60/90, BND 90/130, BND 130/200, BND 130/200; petroleum bitumen (BN) - four grades: BN 60/90, BN 90/130, BN 130/200 and BN 200/300.
Letters BND means " road bitumens ", numbers-fraction 40/60, 60/90, etc. indicate the permissible limits of the grade indices of the depth of penetration of a standard needle at 25 ° C, characterizing indirectly the viscosity of bitumen. Bitumens of the grade BND have a good adhesion to the different stone materials and a high flexibility at low temperatures, resistant to climatic influences. Specifications of viscous petroleum bitumens are standard according to GOST 22245-90.
Viscous road bitumens are applied for the preparation of hot, warm and cold asphalt mixes, surface treatment, impregnation and dilution to obtain liquid bitumens, used for preparation of cold asphalt surface treatment and mixing on the road, etc.
The qualities of bitumen depend on its substance and structure. The main characteristics of this material are viscosity, flexibility and heat resistance. These qualities are interconnection. With the increase of oil substance, rise of temperature and load duration reduces the viscosity and increases flexibility. Pitches specify the binding qualities of bitumen and tar give them flexibility, increase the adhesive ability.
Asphaltenes in the bitumen and free carbon in tar increase softening point and hardness.
Viscous bitumens of any grade are based on three main factors: the depth of needle penetration, softening point and extensibility. The depth of penetration of the needle and extensibility specified at two temperatures: 25 ° C and 0° C.
Quality parameters of viscous road bitumen grade of BND
| Item |
BND
200/300 |
BND
130/200 |
BND
90/130 |
BND
60/90 |
BND
40/60 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The depth of penetration of the needle into the bitumen, 0.1 mm: | |||||
| at 25 ° C | 201-300 | 131-200 | 91-130 | 61-90 | 40-60 |
| at 0 ° C | 45 | 35 | 28 | 20 |
13 |
| Softening point ring and ball, ° C, not less: | 35 | 39 | 43 | 47 | 51 |
| Extensibility, not less than: | |||||
| at 25 ° C | - | 65 | 60 | 50 | 40 |
| at 0 ° C | 20 | 6 | 4,2 | 3,5 | - |
| Brittleness temperature, ° C, max: | -20 | -18 | -17 | -15 | -10 |
| Flash Point, ° C, not less: | 200 | 220 | 220 | 220 | 220 |
| Adhesion to the marble or sand | Satisfied according to the control sample № 2 | ||||
| Change of softening temperature after heating, ° C, not more: | 8 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Penetration index: | +1 | - | -1 | -1 | -1 |
| Content of water-soluble compounds,%, not more: | 0,2 | 0,2 | 0,3 | 0,3 | 0,3 |
Bitumen BND 200/300 is used for the surface treatment of coatings in regions with cold climate, as well as for preparation of hot asphalt and bituminous crushed stone gravel mixtures.
Bitumen BND 130/200 is used for the surface treatment of coatings in regions with temperate climate, to impregnate macadam in regions with cold and temperate climates, for preparation of hot asphalt and bituminous mixtures in regions with cold climate.
Bitumen BND 60/90 is used to impregnate the macadam road in regions with warm climate, for preparation of hot asphalt and bituminous mixtures in regions with warm climate.
Bitumen BND 40/60 is used for the preparation of asphalt and bituminous mixtures in regions with summer temperature> 30 ° C.
Quality parameters of viscous road bitumen grade of BN
| Item |
BN
200/300 |
BN
130/200 |
BN
90/130 |
BN
60/90 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The depth of penetration of the needle into the bitumen, 0.1 mm: | ||||
| at 25 ° C: | 201-300 | 131-200 | 91-130 | 61-90 |
| at 0 ° C: | - | - | - | - |
| Temperature, ° C: | ||||
| Softening point, not less: | 33 | 37 | 40 | 45 |
| Softening temperature, not more: | - | - | - | - |
| Brittleness temperature, ° C not more: | 8 | 7 | 6 | 6 |
| Flash Point, ° C, not less: | 200 | 220 | 220 | 220 |
| Extensibility, not less: | ||||
| at 25 ° C: | - | 70 | 60 | 50 |
| at 0 ° C: | - | - | - | - |
| Test of adherence to marble or sand: | Satisfied according to the control sample №2
| |||
| Content of water-soluble compounds,%, not more: | - | - | - | - |
| Penetration index: | +1 | - | -1,5 | -1,5 |
